Finland, Sweden, Norway and Estonia, measure by measure. EU-wide rules are listed once. National and regional or local rules are shown side by side, each with its status, effective date and source.
| Measures | Finland | Sweden | Norway | Estonia |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EU-wide / supranational | 8 | 8 | 0 | 8 |
| National | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Regional / local | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 11 | 10 | 1 | 8 |
| Coverage last reviewed | 2026-09-24 | 2026-09-24 | not yet re-reviewed | not yet re-reviewed |
Up to 7 countries at a time. A zero means no measure was found in this compilation, not that none exists.
These apply to the selected EU countries (Finland, Sweden and Estonia), not to Norway.
| Measure | Type · category | Status | Effective | Applies to | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2024/1364: common EU data-centre rating scheme (phase 1) Mandates reporting of installed IT power, energy, PUE, ERF/waste-heat, WUE and renewable share via the European DC database; first round 15 Sep 2024, then annual. Fixes the exact KPIs and data a ≥500 kW site must submit to the European database each year (first round 15 Sep 2024). It sets no performance threshold. | regulation · energy efficiency | In force | 2024 | All selected EU countries | source |
| Energy Efficiency Directive (EU) 2023/1791: data centre monitoring & reporting (Art. 12) DCs >=500 kW must annually report energy, power/water use, PUE, waste-heat reuse and renewable share. In force 10 Oct 2023; transposition by 11 Oct 2025. Sites with ≥500 kW of installed IT power must report energy use, PUE, water, waste-heat reuse and renewable share every year to the European data-centre database. A reporting duty, with no EU-level PUE ceiling. | directive · energy efficiency | In force | 2023 | All selected EU countries | source |
| Ecodesign Regulation (EU) 2019/424: servers & data storage Minimum PSU efficiency/power factor, idle-power limits, active-state efficiency, plus material-efficiency and info requirements (secure erase, firmware updates, dismantling). Applies to the servers and storage products installed, not to the building: equipment sold in the EU must meet PSU-efficiency, idle-power and material-efficiency requirements. | ecodesign · energy efficiency | In force | 2019 | All selected EU countries | source |
| Climate Neutral Data Centre Pact (CNDCP) Targets: PUE 1.3 (cool)/1.4 (warm) by 2025/2030; 75% renewable/CFE by 2025 & 100% by 2030; WUE and heat-reuse assessment; server circularity. Voluntary: binds only operators that sign it to PUE (1.3/1.4), renewable-power, water and heat-reuse targets. No legal obligation on non-signatories. | self-regulatory · energy efficiency | Voluntary commitment | 2021 | All selected EU countries | source |
| F-Gas Regulation (EU) 2024/573 HFC quota phase-down, bans/use-restrictions on high-GWP F-gases in refrigeration/AC, leak checks, recovery and reporting, pushing DCs to low-GWP/natural refrigerants. Phases down high-GWP refrigerants used in cooling. Drives chiller/refrigerant choices and retrofit of existing plant. | regulation · refrigerants | In force | 2024 | All selected EU countries | source |
| Renewable Energy Directive III (RED III) 2023/2413 Higher renewable shares, faster permitting, heating & cooling sector targets and district-heating integration that can value DC waste heat. Sets binding national renewable targets for member states, not duties on an individual site; indirectly eases PPAs, permitting and district-heating outlets for waste heat. | directive · renewable | In force | 2023 | All selected EU countries | source |
| EU Taxonomy Regulation (EU) 2020/852 CSRD companies report Taxonomy-aligned turnover/capex/opex; DC alignment hinges on energy-efficiency criteria (EU Code of Conduct/CEN-CENELEC). No direct duty on the site: operators that report under CSRD disclose how much of their activity is taxonomy-aligned, which for data centres hinges on following the EU Code of Conduct on data-centre energy efficiency. Matters mainly for green financing. | regulation · sustainability reporting | In force | 2020 | All selected EU countries | source |
| Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) 2022/2464 Mandatory assured disclosure of climate, energy, water, emissions, resource-use and governance; scope narrowed by 2025 Omnibus/'Stop-the-clock'. Requires the operator to disclose energy / water / carbon data. A compliance and transparency burden rather than an operating limit. | reporting · sustainability reporting | Phased | 2024 | All selected EU countries | source |
Reduced electricity excise (tax class II) for qualifying data centres meeting the size and waste-heat utilisation conditions.
No longer available from 1 July 2026: Act 1352/2025 repeals the data-centre class II rate (§4a) and its waste-heat (ERE) condition, so Finnish data centres move to the ordinary electricity tax rate.
≥500 kW installed IT power; region published by 31 Dec 2024 and updated by 15 May of the year after any change. Act 846/2024 in force 30 Dec 2024; defence and civil-protection exemptions.
The owner or operator of a data centre with at least 500 kW installed IT power must publish the region (maakunta) where it is located on its website, on top of reporting to the EU database.
Total power >1 MW; CBA also required for new or significantly refurbished sites; first CBA notice to Energiavirasto by 31 Dec 2027.
A Finnish data centre over 1 MW must use its waste heat; an existing site that uses none must prove infeasibility with a cost-benefit analysis notified to the Energy Authority, first by 31 Dec 2027.
Historic benefit: energy tax on electricity cut to ~0.6 ore/kWh (near EU minimum) vs the full rate for qualifying DCs >=0.1 MW; REPEALED 1 Jul 2023 (full rate now applies).
No longer available: since 1 July 2023 data centres pay the full energy tax on electricity, which raised running costs compared with 2017–2023.
Installed IT power demand ≥500 kW; annual reporting under Delegated Reg. 2024/1364; exemptions for security-sensitive, defence and crisis-preparedness uses. Issued 28 May 2025; in force 1 July 2025 per Prop. 2024/25:131.
Owners or managers of data centres with at least 500 kW installed IT demand must report energy-performance data to the EU database every year; the supervisory authority can inspect and issue orders backed by fines.
Reduced el-avgift (0.60 ore/kWh in 2026 vs ordinary 7.13 ore/kWh) is now limited to industry/mining and similar activities; data centres no longer qualify (repealed 2023).
No longer available: data centres now pay the ordinary electricity duty instead of the reduced industrial rate, which raised running costs.
No national measures compiled.
No regional / local measures compiled.
No regional / local measures compiled.
No regional / local measures compiled.
No regional / local measures compiled.
Research compilation, not legal advice. Re-check each measure's status with the cited authority. Some scope and status labels have been corrected from the source compilation (for example, municipal rules that were tagged national, and voluntary pacts that were shown as in force).